The Different Types of Domestic Abuse

Domestic abuse is a growing problem that affects millions of people in all kinds of relationships including traditional marriages, same-sex partnerships, and even relationships where there is no sexual intimacy involved. While physical violence is the most blatant form of domestic abuse, sometimes called intimate partner violence,  it  not the only form of domestic abuse. The Main Types of Abuse Domestic abuse can be emotional, physical, sexual, emotional,  psychological and  financial. It is harm inflicted by a current or former spouse or partner. Emotional Abuse Emotional abuse involves actions designed to destroy a persons sense of self-respect or self-worth. It includes constant, an unrelenting verbal onslaught of insults and  criticisms  designed to humiliate and belittle the victim. It is often combined with other forms of abuse and used as a method to gain control over the victim. Although there are no physical scars, the emotional scars can be debilitating to victims. Sexual Abuse Sexual abuse  not only includes rape and sexual assault, but it also includes demeaning behavior like exposing a partners body to friends, forcing a partner into posing for pornography, secretly videotaping a partner while engaging in sex, or forcing a partner to have sex without using protection. Reproductive coercion, which is forcing a partner into having an abortion is a form of domestic sexual abuse. Another form of domestic sexual abuse is sexually assaulting someone who is unable to refuse due to disability, illness, intimidation or the influence of alcohol or other drugs.   There are three main categories of sexual abuse: Using physical force to compel someone to have sex against their will, whether the act is completed or not.Attempting or having sex with someone who is unable to understand the nature of the act or unable to decline participation or is unable to communicate their unwillingness.Abusive sexual contact of any kind. Physical Abuse Physical abuse involves injuring, disabling or killing  the victim. Physical abuse can be performed with a weapon or restraint or merely using body, size or strength to harm another person. The injury from the abuse does not have to major. For example, an abuser could forcefully shake the victim in anger. While the victim may not require medical treatment, the shaking would still be a form of physical abuse. Physical violence can include burning, biting, choking, grabbing, pinching, punching, pushing, throwing, scratching, shoving, shaking, or slapping. Threats of Violence Violent threats involve the use of words, gestures, motions, looks or weapons to communicate a threat to frighten, harm, injure, disable, rape or kill. The act does not have to be carried out for it to be abusive behavior. Psychological Abuse Psychological abuse is a broad term that includes acts, threats of acts or coercive tactics to cause someone fear and trauma. If there has been previous physical or sexual abuse in the relationship, any further threat of abuse is considered psychological violence. Psychological abuse can include: HumiliationControlling what the victim can and cannot do.Withholding information.Diminishing or embarrassing the victim.Isolating the victim from friends and family. Financial Abuse Financial abuse is one of the most common forms of domestic abuse and also the difficult to recognize, even for the victims. It can involve a partner denying the victim access to money or other resources. Refusing to allow a spouse to work or get an education is also a form of financial abuse. It is often seen in homes where an abuser forces the victim into isolation by limiting when they can communicate with family and friends. Isolation makes it more difficult for a victim to have any form of financial freedom. Get Help Immediately Research shows that domestic violence usually gets progressively worse. Rarely does it stop because the abuser promises that it will never happen again. If you are in an abusive relationship, there are many resources available to help. You do not have to stay with an abusive partner. It is important to seek help immediately.

Sex, Lies, And Consent By Tom Dougherty - 1613 Words

In â€Å"Sex, Lies, and Consent,† Tom Dougherty argues the Lenient Thesis from the substantive account of consent. In this essay, I will discuss and explain Dougherty’s argument. Then, I will present Neil Manson s objection that Dougherty account of consent mistakenly centralizes the role of scope in determining one’s range of restrictions for consent. Finally, I will present a case that disputes Manson’s opposition to Dougherty and how Dougherty could address Manson’s charge against him. To understand how Dougherty argues his position, we first need to understand the context of the Lenient Thesis. The Lenient Thesis states that â€Å"it is only a minor wrong to deceive another person into sex by misleading her or him about certain personal†¦show more content†¦In the event where the salesmen sold her a rabid puppy, her consent would have been violated (Dougherty, 2013, p.735). When we apply this view of consent to the realm of sexual decision making, we see that many cases of deception for sex are non-consensual. Since the substantive account of consent emphasizes the importance of one determining one’s restrictions, it conflicts with the Lenient Thesis that objectively assumes that certain types of features such as religion are more critical to sexual decision making. Dougherty (2013) supports her argument with an example where Chloe deceives Victoria into having sex by lying that she shares the same love of nature, peace, and animals even though she was in the military and enjoys hunting and eating animals. The Lenient Thesis would argue that Victoria validly consented since lying about a peripheral feature would only be a minor wrong. However, the substantive view of consent would disagree because personal preferences are still considered core features that constitute when consent is violated (Dougherty, 2013, p.728). Thus, it brings a more subjective view to the table where everyone’s deal-breaker should be valued. According to Dougherty (2013), deal-breakers are strong qualities that would disqualify someone as a sexual partner. Deal-breakers vary for every individual, and it is entirely up to the individuals to decide what their deal-breakers are. To relate this concept back to theShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesBennis, a colleague of ours, half-jokingly predicted that the factory of the future would have only two employees, a person and a dog. The person would be there to feed the dog. The dog would be there to keep the person from touching the equipment! Tom Peters counseled managers that, due to the chaotic pace of change, â€Å"If you’re not confused, you’re not paying attention.† And the late Peter Drucker characterized the current environment this way: â€Å"We are in one of those great historical periods that

US Government History Essay Example For Students

US Government History Essay In this essay I will give a short history of the government in United States ofAmerica (U.S.). Then I will describe each of the three branches of government inthe U.S. and the relationship between them. In principle, the U.S. is ademocratic republic, they govern themselves by choosing their leaders by secretballot, and these leaders in turn make the rules. Americans startedgoverning themselves as a nation on July 4th, 1776, when theDeclaration of Independence was signed in Philadelphia by representatives of thethirteen British colonies in North America. These states joined togetherformally in 1781 under a first constitution, the Articles ofConfederation. That loose union of the states was replaced by the Constitutionof the U.S. in 1789. This document (amended 26 times) is still the politicalfoundation of the U.S. Being based on a written constitution, the U.S. government is committed in principle to the rule of law. To guarantee the rightsof free speech, a free press, freedom of religion etc. the first ten amendments,called the Bill of Rights were adopted in 1791. There are threelevels of government in the U.S. Local government (city/county), stategovernment, and federal government. Here I will pay most attention to thefederal government. Many of the concepts of the U.S. government can be traced toprogressive thinkers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, e.g. Locke,Spinoza, Blackstone, and Montesquiueu. Out of some of their thoughts the U.S. government system with the three branches were made: A legislative branch(Congress), an Executive branch (President), and a judicial branch (SupremeCourt). The Constitution is most of all a document of checks and balances: amongthe three branches of the federal government; and between the levels ofgovernment, nation and state. The legislative branch (Congress) that has thepower to make laws valid for the whole country. Powers like the regulation oftaxes, regulation of commerce between the states and with foreign countries, thepower to declare war, and the power to impeach the President are some of theother matters the legislative branch have to deal with. Congress has twochambers (or houses): the Senate and the House of Representatives(the house). The Senate consists of one hundred senators: Twosenators from each of the fifty states. The senators serve for six-year terms. One third are elected every two years. The Senates area of responsibilityconsists of to approve major presidential appointments, and approve majorforeign policy steps. The House of Representatives has their 435 members (calledcongress-men/women/people/persons) chosen from districts (the U.S. is divided into 435 districts containing some five hundred thousandinhabitants). The districts are reapportioned every ten years. Therepresentatives serve in two-year terms, and all of them are elected every twoyears. All tax legislation must start in the House. Executive power is vested inthe office of the President of the U.S. The President has the dual role of beingthe chief of state and the head of government. The President is also commanderin chief of the armed forces; he issues executive orders, and appoints SupremeCourt justices (with senate approval). The president is also called thechief legislator because he/she indirectly proposes many bills, considersall bills from Congress and signs them into law or vetoes them. The President iselected by the whole country for four years. He/she is assisted bythe Cabinet and its departments, the White House staff, and some independentadministrative agencies. The Supreme Court: The Judicial power of the U.S. shall be vested in one supreme court, and in such inferior courts as theCongress from time to time may ordain an establish.(The Constitutionstates). All nine federal judges are appointed by the President and serveduring good behaviour, usually meaning for life. The judges cannotbe removed from office except for criminal behaviour or malfeasance. This makesthem less vulnerable to political pressure than they would be if they had todepend upon politicians or the voters for new mandates. The main feature of theindependent role for the courts lies in their power to interpret theConstitution. They review the constitutionality of laws andexecutive orders. The number of justices is decided by Congress, and they can beimpeached by congress. There are also Inferior Courts: One hundred DistrictCourts and thirteen Courts of Appeals, all of them are created by Congress, withjudges appointed by the President (with Senate approval). All federal courtshear cases involving federal law, involving sta te laws whose constitutionally ischanged, involving the U.S., involving two separate states, and involvingcitizens of different states. Having presented the three branches of U.S. .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace , .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace .postImageUrl , .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace , .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace:hover , .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace:visited , .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace:active { border:0!important; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace:active , .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf1817ccf360f47093609ae9a23e5dace:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Time And Culture Essaygovernment in broad strokes, I will now turn in to how the separation of powersis designed to work. The system of government is commonly referred to asthe system of checks and balances. It is designed to work so as toavoid placing too much power in too few hands. The most powerful tool Congresshas (most important checks on the power of the President) is thepower to appropriate money (set aside money for some specific purpose). Afterboth houses of Congress have approved the budget, it is sent over to thePresident. He/she has to sign the bill into law. Another major check on thepower of the President is the Senates power of advice and consent. ThePresid ent is obliged to ask for the advice and consent of the Senate on allmajor appointments (e.g. members of the presidents Cabinet, new justices of theSupreme Court, other federal judges, and members of administrative or regulatoryagencies) and major foreign policy decisions he/she makes (e.g. when it concernstreaties). To declare war, the President must turn to both houses of Congressfor their approval. The presidents major countervailing power in thelegislative process is the power of the veto. The President must sign anyproposed legislation before it becomes law; his failure or refusal to do so canthus stop any bill. If the President returns a bill to Congress with a veto onit, the legislature has the power to override the Presidents veto by re-passingthe legislation by a two-thirds majority in both houses. Then the bill becomeslaw without the Presidents signature. (If the President does not wish to beassociated with a bill but does not feel that it is worthwhile to prevent itfrom b ecoming law, he can demonstrate this by using a so-called pocket veto:he/she simply lets it lie on his/her desk for ten days without signing it orvetoing it, in which case it becomes law without the Presidents signature.) TheCongress has the power to impeach the President. (A complex matter that involvesthe House of Representatives and its Judicial Committee or a special ad hoccommittee, the Senate, the Chief Justice of the U.S. (the Supreme Court))Turning to the relationship between Congress and the Supreme Court, we find thatCongress has the power to determine the construction of the Court (and itsinferior courts). As mentioned before, the Congress has some say in whom willsit on the Supreme Court bench, in that nominations made by the President mustbe approved by the Senate. I have already touched the checks betweenthe Supreme Court and the President. Just as the President may be impeached bythe Congress, so may justices of the Supreme Court (indeed, all civil officials,except me mbers of Congress) be removed from office by impeachment. The singlecountervailing arrow of power aimed at Congress by the Supreme Courtis the comprehensive power of judicial review (As mentioned earlier on in theparagraph about the Supreme Court). This review of laws by the courts is not anautomatic part of the legislative process, but the specific lawshave to be brought before the courts for a decision about theirconstitutionality. If Congress finds that the Supreme Court has interpreted theConstitution in a way which disagrees with its own fundamental views (or for anyother reason), then Congress can initiate the process of amending theConstitution. A majority of two thirds of both houses of Congress must pass theamendment. As soon as three quarters of the states (thirty-eight of them) haveratified the proposed amendment it becomes a part of the Constitution. In allthese ways the Constitution checks the unrestricted exercise of power by eachbranch and balances of the powers of th e branches against each other. .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d , .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d .postImageUrl , .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d , .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d:hover , .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d:visited , .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d:active { border:0!important; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d:active , .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u677986e838c9d07fc2d6d36cc05c0d2d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Vegetarianism: Why it is the Better Choice. EssayBibliographyT. Sirevà ¥g, American patterns, Ad Notam Gyldendal, Oslo D. May and J. Oakland, American civilization, Routledge, London/New York B. OCallaghan, AnIllustrated History of the USA, Longman, Essex G. T. Kurian, A Historical Guideto the U.S. Government, Oxford University Press, New York/Oxford L. Berlowitz,D. Donoghue, and L. Menand, America in theory, Oxford University Press, NewYork/Oxford D. J. Boorstin, The Americans, The Democratic Experience, RandomHouse, New York D. S. MacQueen, American Social Studies, Studentlitteratur, LundEncyclopà ¦dia Britannica (http:/www.britannica.com)

The Populist Party free essay sample

After attempts at independent political action failed (see Greenback party), loosely knit infestations called Farmers Alliances were formed during the 1 sass. Separate organizations were founded in the North and South, and Southern blacks organized their own alliances. The Farmers Alliances agitated for railroad regulation, tax reform, and unlimited coinage of silver and attempted to influence the established political parties.Growth was so rapid, however, that interest in a third party began to increase; in 1891 delegates from farm and labor organizations met in Cincinnati. No decision was made to form a political party, but when the Republican and Democratic parties both traveled the currency question at the 1892 presidential conventions, a convention was held at Omaha, and the populist party was formed (1892).Goals The party adopted a platform calling for free coinage of silver, abolition of national banks, a substructures scheme or some similar system, a graduated income tax, ple nty of paper money, government ownership of all forms of transportation and communication, election of Senators by direct vote of the people, non-ownership of land by foreigners, civil service reform, a working day of eight hours, postal banks, pensions, revision of the law of contracts, ND reform of immigration regulations. We will write a custom essay sample on The Populist Party or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The goal of the populists in 1892 was no less than that of replacing the Democrats as the nations second party by forming an alliance of the farmers of the West and South with the industrial workers of the East. James B. Weaver was the Populist candidate for President that year, and he polled over 1 votes. The Populist votes in the 1894 congressional elections increased to 1 ,471 ,OHO as the party gained momentum.Dissolution In 1 896, while the Republican party adhered to the sound money platform, the Populists kept intact their platform of 1892; the Democratic party, forever, adopted the plank of free coinage of silver and nominated William Jennings Bryan for President. Although the Populists tried to retain their independence by repudiating the Democratic vice presidential candidate, the Democratic party, helped by the eloquence Of Bryan, captured the bulk Of the Populist votes In 1896. The 1896 election undermined agrarian insurgency, and a period of rapidly rising farm prices hel ped to bring about the dissolution of the Populist party. Another important factor in the failure of the party was its inability to effect a genuine urban-rural coalition; its program ad little appeal for wage earners of the industrial East. An Overview of Populism By Charles Postal, San Francisco State University In the early sass, a coalition of farmers, laborers, and middle class activists founded an independent political party named the Peoples Party, also known as the Populist Party. This party was the product of a broad social movement that emerged in response to wrenching changes in the American economy and society.In the decades after the Civil War, the telegraph and telephone meant that information that had taken weeks or months to travel across monotints and oceans now traveled at the speed of electric current. The telecommunications revolution made the world a much smaller place (today we call it globalization). It also made possible large-scale business organization in the form of railroad corporations and other giant and centra lized enterprises. Corporate power grew exponentially, allowing corporate executives to amass great fortunes, while hard times pressed on most everyone else. Americans had never experienced such a divide between rich and poor. The Peoples Party was the most successful third party movement since prior to the Civil War. In 1892, the Populist candidate for president, James B. Weaver of Iowa, won more than a million votes. Tom Watson of Georgia, Jeremiah Simpson of Kansas, and Marion Cannon of California were among the leaders of the third party bloc in the U. S. Congress, while William A. Prefer of Kansas, William V. Allen of Nebraska, and Marion Butler of North Carolina were Populist U. S. Senators.The people party also gained key state offices in North Carolina, Colorado, Kansas, North Dakota and other states. Meanwhile, dynamic Populist stump speakers such as Mary Elizabeth Lease Of Kansas and James Cyclone Davis Of Texas attracted enthusiastic crowds of thousands in rural districts across the nation. The Populist movement also posed one of the biggest challenges to corporate power ever witnessed in the United States. In protest of high freight charges and usurious mortgage rates the movement pressed for government regulation or ownership of railroads and banks.To provide relief from debts and low prices on farm goods the Populists pressed for currency expansion by way of minting silver and printing greenbacks at the expense of bankers and creditors. To finance essential public functions they demanded the enactment of a progressive income tax on the wealthiest Americans. To rid government of the undue influence of corporate lobbyists the Populists demanded the direct election of senators, as well as the initiative and referendum, and other experiments in direct democracy.The rise of Populism horrified many upper and middle class Americans. The corporate elite believed that their laissez-fairer ideal of unregulated capitalism was the only model suitable for modern development. In the eyes of the well to do and well educated, Populism represented an assault by primitive hayseeds and anorak clodhopp ers that put modern civilization in peril. Ever since, such a perspective has influenced how Populism has been understood and where it has been situated in the narrative of American history.Who were the Populists and what did they represent has been one of the great controversies of historical interpretation. For many American intellectuals, the Second World War and its aftermath raised concerns about the origins of fascism, as they had witnessed in Europe how a popular mass movement had resulted in the rise of Hitler and the Nazi holocaust. In the 1 sass, Richard Hovercrafts at Columbia University and other post-war scholars looked at Populism to see if it might contain seeds of irrational, intolerant, and anti- Semitic mass politics. Sure enough, that is just what they found.Hovercrafts drew the conclusion that the Populists were backward looking and delusional, a rural people psychologically unable to cope with the demands of a modern society. Quite different concerns animated the scholars of the sass and sass. Their point of reference was the grass-roots activism of the 1 sass. Historians such as Lawrence Goodwin and Christopher Lash saw populism as the 1 sass culture writ large. Populism, as they saw it, provided a historical confirmation of their own ideas about the failings of a hierarchical and commercial culture.Populism, such scholars argued, was the democratic response of rural people taking a stand to defend their traditional way of life from the modern culture of business and development. The common point of these sharply dissimilar views -? Populism as proto-fascism versus Populism as the last best hope for grass-roots democracy is that they are both founded on a common premise: The Populists were tradition-bound people in revolt against progress and modernity. Indeed, this premise is rooted In basic assumptions about rural people held in the wider political culture.But populism takes on a very different meaning if assumptions about who was modern and who was not are put in que stion. Populist farmers and laborers may have had callused hands and mud on their shoes, but they also viewed themselves and were modern people. They were reformers seeking innovation in commercial relations, government, and ways of life. Hundreds of thousands of women joined the Populist movement as means to gain education, employment in new industries, and freedom from traditional restraints.The Populists embraced invention and new technology, as they sought to harness scientific research to serve their own visions of prosperity and development. Far from rejecting centralized and hierarchical systems of organization, they strove to adopt such systems for marketing cooperatives and other rural needs. The Peoples Party eventually failed as a third party. In the 1896 election, William Jennings Bryan, running on a reform platform and nominated by both the Democratic and populist Parties, went down to defeat at the hands of the Republican candidate William McKinley. The Peoples Party never recovered from the blow.